兽类学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 639-650.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150298

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城市公园中赤腹松鼠的家域特征及昼间活动规律初探

袁耀华1 刘群秀1 张欣2   

  1. （1 上海动物园，上海 200335）（2 杭州动物园，杭州 310008）
  • 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘群秀 E-mail: liuqunxiu@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市野生动植物保护管理站资助项目-上海动物园赤腹松鼠的基础生态学研究

Preliminary studies on the home range and diurnal behaviour of Callosciurus erythraeus in an urban garden

YUAN Yaohua1, LIU Qunxiu1, ZHANG Xin2   

  1. (1 Shanghai Zoo, Shanghai 200335, China) (2 Hangzhou Zoo, Hangzhou 310008, China)
  • Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-27

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摘要：

2015年12月至2016年5月，对上海动物园内活动的9只赤腹松鼠进行无线电遥测，应用Homing法进行空间定位，基于最小凸多边形（MCP）和95%固定
核空间（95%Kernel）模型估算城市绿地中赤腹松鼠的家域面积、空间分布特征及个体间的重叠情况，同时记录赤腹松鼠的昼间行为规律。赤腹松鼠
家域面积平均值为12376（MCP）~18146 m2（95%Kernel），雌雄个体间家域面积无显著差异（Independent-sample test，t= -0.101，P=0.922）。
赤腹松鼠冬季家域面积与春季家域面积间无显著差异（One way ANOVA，MCP：F=3.900，P=0.070；95%FK：F=3.566，P=0.081）。部分赤腹松鼠家域
间存在重叠，冬季重叠指数0.36~0.63，春季重叠指数0.02~0.43。赤腹松鼠的昼间行为以移动（29.4%）、取食（25.1%）和休息行为（24.7%）为主
。在不同季节，赤腹松鼠的取食行为发生显著变化（One way ANOVA，F=119.268，P<0.001），冬季取食行为发生频率最高（33.3%），夏季最低
（16.4%）；领域行为在夏（15.8%）、秋（16.2%）季发生频率较高，春季（5.8%）降低（One way ANOVA，F=140.416，P<0.001）。赤腹松鼠昼间
活动呈“U”型分布，主要集中于05:00—08:00和15:00—18:00，休息主要分布于12:00—13:00。

关键词: 赤腹松鼠, 家域, 活动, 行为

Abstract: From Dec 2015 to May 2016, nine Pallas's squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) were radio tracked at Shanghai Zoo. Home range sizes, spatial shapes and overlaps between individuals were inferred via minimum convex polygon (MCP) and 95% kernel-based estimators. Behaviour was also observed and recorded from line transect surveys. The average home range size was found to be 12376㎡ (MCP)-18146㎡ (95%Kernel). The home range size of male individuals was not significantly larger than females (Independent-sample t test，t=-0.101，P=0.922). There is no significant difference between the overall ranges in winter and those observed in spring (One way ANOVA，MCP：F=3.900，P=0.070；95%FK：F=3.566，P=0.081). There were overlaps between home ranges of different individuals with OI 0.36-0.63 in winter and 0.02-0.43 in spring. The diurnal behaviour of Callosciurus erythraeus was observed to comprise travelling (29.4%), feeding (25.1%) and resting (24.7%), though in winter, time spent feeding (33.3%) was significantly higher than that observed in summer (16.4%) (One way ANOVA，F=119.268，P<0.001). Territorial behaviour also varied significantly between different seasons (One way ANOVA，F=140.416，P<0.001). The diurnal activities of Callosciurus erythraeus showed a “U” pattern with active periods from 05:00-08:00 and 15:00-18:00, and a primary resting period from 12:00-13:00. 

Key words: Pallas’s squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus), Home range, Activities, Behaviour

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